基本動詞のお勉強
簡単な動詞の意味を学ぼう！
(a). be present の意味：: 存在（ある、ない、いる、いない）
a-1. Is Mr. Nishiguchi in now ? （在宅）
a-2. He is upstairs doing the cleaning.
a-3. Will you be home this Sunday ?
a-4. I'll be there about five.
a-5. Mother is at the post office now.
(b). happen の意味： 催しや出来事を述べるとき
b-1. When will your wedding be ?
b-2. The meeting was on April 1.
b-3. My birthday is January 10.
b-4. The concert was at the NHK Hall.
(c). stay の意味： 滞在する
c-1. How long will you be here ?
c-2. I won't be long.
c-3. Don't be too long.
c-4. I'd like to get it done while I'm here.
(d). become の意味： 「....になる」 の時
d-1. I'm going to be a teacher in the future.
d-2. He wants to be a baseball player.
d-3. They're going to be married in June. [結婚することになる]
d-4. I'll be back by five. [帰るようになる]
(a). 日本語の「...をする」 の意味
a-1. How did you do that ?
a-2. You did a very good job.
a-3. I'm doing some research on Hideyoshi.
a-4. Who's going to do Othello ?
a-5. I always do the cleaning. (do the shopping, do the washing 等、決まった仕事は the をつける。
決まったものでなければ I did some cleaning today. の様に言う。
a-6. He did political science in college.
(b). 「順調に」「いい」 の意味(目的語がない！)
b-1. How are you doing ?
b-2. He was very ill last week, but he's doing better now.
b-3. How did you do on the exam ?
b-4. I'll do better next time.
b-5. Will a small one do ? (小さい方でいいですか？)
b-6. Next Monday will do for me.
b-7. She can't do without a telephone.
(c). 「終わらせる」 の意味
c-1. After I have done this, I'll help you.
c-2. I'm done. (終わったよ！)
c-3. The work is done.
c-4. This meat isn't done. (この肉まだ焼けてないよ) (生焼け=half done, よく焼けている=well-done, 焼きすぎ=overdone)
(d). 「give」 の意味（目的語に人を取る）
d-1. Will you do me a favor ?
d-2. Walking does you good.
d-3. Don't worry. It won't do you any harm.
d-4. That's not doing justice. (あなたを正しく評価していない)
(a). 「産み出す」 の意味
a-1. Who's going to make a speech at the party ?
a-2. My motto is "Let's make more mistakes".
a-3. Sorry, you can't make any changes now.
a-4. Can I make a suggestion ?
a-5. I think you made a good decision.
a-6. I made enough money to enjoy travelling.
a-7. That makes sense. She's been waiting for such a long time.
a-8. John makes a good living as a freelance photographer now.
(b). 「状態」 も作り出す。
b-1. Having the same hobby can make a marriage successful.
b-2. Having different hobbies often makes it difficult.
b-3. Don't make it complicated by thinking too much.
b-4. Practice makes perfect. = Practice makes it perfect.
(c). 「人の行為」 も作り出す
c-1. His joke made everybody laugh.
c-2. A day like this makes me want to go to the beach.
c-3. This portrait makes you look like an old man.
(d). 「...に なる」 の意味
d-1. This makes my second visit here this month
d-2. I think you'll make a very good housewife.
d-3. Buy that doll. It'll make a good souvenir.
(e). 基本的な「作る」 の意味
e-1. This is made of plastic.
e-2. Who made the first airplane.
a-1. Someone gave me a cold.
a-2. I would give anything to get my bag back.
a-3. They will give good service if you tip them.
a-4. Please give my best regards to Mr. Smith.
a-5. Give my love to Erin.
a-6. How much do you give for that old car ?
a-7. She gave her whole life to taking care of poor people.
a-8. Music gives me pleasure.
a-9. They are planning to give a concert in NewYork.
a-10. Give me ten minutes to finish this.
a-11. Can you give me your opinion on this ?
a-12. He gives no sign of being ill.
(a). 「受け入れ専門」 の 意味
a-1. I got a letter from John.
a-2. Did you get a call from Keiko last night ?
a-3. How did you get the ticket ?
a-4. I got a very bad impression of him.
a-5. Junko got the first prize.
a-6. I didn't get his name.
(b). ありがたくないものも 「頂く」 get.
b-1. If you say that, you'll get a laugh.
b-2. I'm getting a headache from this book.
b-3. He went out without a jacket and got a cold.
(c). 「...される」 の意味
c-1. Her brother got killed in a car accident.
b-2. She got mugged on the street in NewYork.
b-3. Her husband got shot when he was walking down the street.
b-4. I got caught in the rain.
(d). 「...に なる」 の 意味 (becomeより会話調)
d-1. Don't get so angry. He was just joking.
d-2. This is getting very serious.
d-3. I got scared in that dark empty house.
d-4. She got very upset when she heard your words.
d-5. I got embarrassed when she said that.
d-6. I got my jacket wet in the rain.
d-7. I got my car half-wrecked.
d-8. I got my suitcase stolen at the airport.
d-9. Ken got his arm broken in a football game.
(e). 前置詞とくっつき、前置詞の示す場所に移動する
e-1. get + at = ....のところに達する
e-2. get + to = ....のところに着く
e-3. get + on = ...の上に乗る
e-4. get + down = 下がる
e-5. This kind of rumor gets around easily.
e-6. I couldn't get my idea across well.
e-7. I finally got around to seeing him.
e-8. The burglars got away with all the money in the bank.
e-9. You must work really hard to get ahead in business.
e-10. I can't get along without this dictionary.
e-11. What are you getting at ? (君のねらいは？)
e-12. I got down everything he said.(ノートした)
e-13. He got into the habit of smoking when he was a student.
e-14. I'll be able to get off before six. (off=off work)
(a). 「ある」「ない」 の関係
a-1. I have an idea.
a-2. Keiko has dark eyes and long hair.
a-3. My room doesn't have an airconditioner.
a-4. This is my bag. It has my name here.
a-5. His house has five bedrooms.
a-6. I have good news for you.
a-7. They have two sons and a daughter.
a-8. I didn't have time to see him.
a-9. I hardly had any chance to speak him.
a-10. I have a few doubts about it.
(b). 「病気の症状」 も
b-1. I have a headache.
b-2. I have a pain in my stomach.
b-3. I have no appetite this morning.
b-4. I have a fever.
b-5. I think I have a cold.
(c). 「行為」「経験」 も
c-1. Mr. mizuta is having lunch now.
c-2. I was having a bath when the lights went out.
c-3. I had a swim this morning.
c-4. We had a long conversation after dinner.
c-5. Would you like to have something to drink ?
c-6. Have a good look. This is the best part.
c-7. How long have you had this car ?
c-8. We had a big argument this morning.
(a). 物を置く
a-1. Will you put some sugar in my coffee ?
a-2. I think you put in salt instead of sugar.
a-3. I'm going to put a lock on that door.
a-4. Put the knife down. It's dangerous.
a-5. First, you must put the room in order.
(b). 「人間」「動物」 も「置く」のだ
b-1. In 1961, the Russians put a man into space for the first time.
b-2. I tried to put her at ease.
b-3. You've put him in a bad temper.
b-4. His words put me to shame.
b-5. Just put yourself in my place, and you'll see how I feel.
(c). 「抽象名詞」だって「置ける」のだ
c-1. Somehow I can't put that question out of my mind.
c-2. Leave that to him. He'll put things right.
c-3. I've put a lot of money and energy into solving this problem.
c-4. I think I should put it to a trial.
c-5. I put the cost at about 1000 dollars.
c-6. I hope you'll put more of your mind into solving this problem.
c-7. Everyone's trying to put the blame on me.
c-8. And that put an end to our argument.
(d). 「表現する」 put
d-1. How should I put it ? (何と言ったらいいのかな？)
d-2. I couldn't put my feeling into words. (言葉で表す)
d-3. I didn't even know how to put that idea into English.
d-4. To put it simply, I was very much confused.
d-5. To put it frankly, I was angry at you.
(e). [put] の主なイディオム
e-1. You put your ideas across very well. (伝える)
e-2. Let's put this subject aside for a while. (横に置く)
e-3. Put those clothes away (into the drawer). (しまう)
e-4. Don't put off cleaning the house. Do it now. (延ばす)
e-5. Put them back where they were.
e-6. The taste was all right, but the smell put me off. (食べる気がしない)
e-7. I guess I've put on some weight. (体重が増える)
e-8. Put the garbage out. I won't put up with that terrible smell. (耐える)
(a). 「乗り物」なら何でも（乗る）
a-1. Take a taxi at the station.
a-2. We're going to take a train to Hiroshima.
a-3. Why don't you take a plane ? It'll save you a lot of time.
(b). 「場所」 も take 出来る(使う)
b-1. Please take the seat.
b-2. I decided to take the room I saw yesterday.
(c). 「手にも持てる物」 も勿論 take (持って行く)
c-1. I'll take the new camera with me.
c-2. Will you take these bags to my car ?
c-3. I think I'd better take an umbrella with me.
(d). 「人」も take する(連れて行く)
d-1. I'm going to take Junko this time.
d-2. She's not taking the baby with her.
d-3. I promised to take her to dinner tonight.
(e). 「薬、スパイス等」を摂る時に
e-1. You should not take too much alcohol.
e-2. You shouldn't take so much sugar in your coffee.
e-3. Be sure to take these pills twice a day.
(f). 「行為」 も take 出来る
f-1. Taking a walk is good for you.
f-2. Don't take notes. Just listen.
f-3. When are you going to take the test ?
f-4. Don't take what he says too seriously.
f-5. You don't need to take the responsibility for that.
f-6. The NewYork Mets took today's game.
(g) [take]の 主なイディオム
g-1. Who's going to take care of the tickets ?
g-2. I took it for granted that you knew it. (当然知っていると思った)
g-3. I guess I was taken in. (だまされた)
g-4. Are you going to take it back ? (取り消す)
g-5. I can't take it anymore. (耐えられない)
g-6. Steven is going to take over his father's business. (引き継ぐ)
g-7. Thirty people took part in the contest.
(h). 「無生物」 も take する
h-1. This work took me five hours.
h-2. It takes courage to refuse what he asks you.
h-3. My car is not a big one. It takes only three passengers.
a-1. I still keep the books I read when I was a kid.
a-2. I keep this watch as a remembrance of my father.
a-3. If you can keep a secret, I'll tell you about him.
a-4. I hope you'll keep your promise.
a-5. I keep a diary to remind me of what happens to me.
a-6. You'd better eat the cake now. It won't keep long.
a-7. Keep reading. Don't stop. (...し続ける= keep ....ing)
a-8. Keep the children away. It's dangerous.
a-9. I think he's keeping the real story back.
a-10. Will you keep an eye on my suitcase.
a-11. I'll keep your advice in mind.
a-1. Let the cat out.
a-2. Let the dog in.
a-3. He didn't let Mari go to the dance.
a-4. I think they should let the students freely choose the courses they want.
a-5. I'll let you know when I've decided.
a-6. Let me help you.
a-7. Let him alone.
a-8. Don't let go (of the rope). Keep holding it.
a-9. Let it be.
(a). 話手のところへ近づいて来る
a-1. Why don't you come to my house this Sunday ?
a-2. How did you come here ?
a-3. John came to meet me at the airport.
(b). 話手の「話題の中心」に近づいて来る
b-1. Are you coming to the party tonight ? (パーティーに来る？)日本語の場合パーティーに行く？
b-2. I'll come see you in a couple of hours.
b-3. Summer vacation is coming soon.
b-4. We didn't come to an agreement about money.
b-5. I've come to the conclusion that I should not take the job he offered me.
b-6. How did that plan come to his attention, I wonder.
b-7. How did you come to work here. (...するようになる)
b-8. Your check comes to $75. (合計...になる)
b-9. How's your new job coming along ?
b-10. Dinner is ready ! I'm coming. (今行きます！) I'm going. ではない。
(c). come の主なイディオム
c-1. The price of computers is coming down.
c-2. He comes from California.
c-3. He's coming of age this year.
c-4. This photograph came out very well.
c-5. This newsletter comes out once a month.
c-6. He's always coming up with strange ideas.(=think of)
(a). go の基本概念は「動く」
a-1. Time goes quickly when you are busy.
a-2. Half of my salary goes to my home loan.
a-3. This car goes on electricity.
a-4. The voting went against the proposed amendment.
a-5. Basically, he is lazy, but that goes for everybody here. (当てはまる)
a-6. This money will go to build a recreation center for children.
a-7. The article says that America is going conservative.
a-8. I read in the paper that the ship-building industry is going downhill.
(b). いろいろな go :
b-1. One, two, three, go ! (= Ready, set, go !)
b-2. How's things going ? (やあ、元気？)
b-3. There goes the bell. (ベルが鳴っている)
b-4. How does this tune go ? (この歌どんな節だった？)
b-5. How do the words go ? (どんな歌詞だった？)
b-6. The story goes that he killed his wife. (世間の噂)
b-7. He's going after her father's money, not her.
b-8. 10,000 yen doesn't go a long way these days.
b-9. Go get a ticket right now.
b-10. My father's still going strong. (健康)
b-11. This goes against my principles.(信条に反する)
b-12. Can I use your eraser ? Sure, go ahead.
b-13. I'll go along with you part of the way. (途中まで一緒する)
b-14. Sorry, but I can't go along with you on that. (同意出来ない)
b-15. Go by the instructions he gives you.
b-16. Do as the Romens do when you're in Rome, as the saying goes.
(a). スピードのある動き
a-1. He is always running. (忙しい男)
a-2. I had to run to the bus stop
a-3. A rumor ran through the town that he was killed.
a-4. Jim is always running after pretty girls. (女の尻を追いかけてばかりいる)
a-5. H ran his eyes over the letter and said" I've been fired".
a-6. He ran a stop sign and got a ticket from the police.
a-7. The engine is running.
a-8. Are the trains running this morning ? I haven't seen any trains.
a-9. In winter, they run special trains to Nagano for ski fans.
a-10. Is there a bus that runs between Nanko and Kansai Airport ?
(b). 「連続して.....する」 run :
b-1. Run the water for a while.
b-2. Your nose is running. (鼻が垂れている)
b-3. The butter is running. (バターが溶けている)
b-4. This road runs along Yodo River.
b-5. My pass has another month to run.
b-6. Time is running out.(= We're running out of time.)
b-7. I'm running out of ink.
b-8. That play is still running in Broadway. I heard it's been running for three years.
(c). 「経営」、「立候補」、「色落ち」、「期間」等の意味の run :
c-1. My father runs a restaurant and my mother runs a bar.
c-2. I only run my wife. (妻を操縦する)
c-3. Koizumi is planning to run for the prime minister.
c-4. Who's going to run against him, I wonder.
c-5. When you wash the pants, the color may run.
c-6. In the long run, it will pay off. (長い目で見ればわりに合う)
(a). 「こころ」 で見る see :
a-1. I can't see your point.(考え方)
a-2. If you see money my way, you'll see.(私の見方をすれば)
a-3. Do you see what I mean.
a-4. I still can't see why money is so important.
a-5. I can't see myself working just for money. (想像する)
a-6. I don't see my idea as bad one.
a-7. Of course, I can see the advantage of having money, but .....
(b). 「目」 で見る see :
b-1. Will you go see if everything is working all right ? (調べる)
b-2. I'll see that he does it right. (make sure)
b-3. Don't worry about her. I'll see her home. (escort)
b-4. You look very sick. You'd better see a doctor. (consult)
b-5. He's too ill to see anyone. (receive)
b-6. I saw seven shows while I was in NewYork.
b-7. Did you see that news on television ?
b-8. I'll see you at Osaka station at ten.
b-9. Watch him play golf. You'll see how he enjoys golfing.
(a). 印象を語る時便利な look : (...の様に見える)
a-1. You look very well.
a-2. You look a bit tired. Don't work too hard.
a-3. It looks as if it's going to rain.
a-4. This book looks to be the best for me.
a-5. John looks to be the right person for that position.
a-6. He looked surprised. (He had a look of surprise.)
a-7. He must be Mr. Mizuta. He has the look of a teacher.
a-8. I think he was surprised by the look on his face.
a-9. By the look of him, he will be liked by children.
a-10. She has very good looks. (容貌)
a-11. I don't like the look(s) of it. (見た感じが悪い)
(b). look : のイディオム :
b-1. I'm looking forward to going there.
b-2. They look on him as a great master. (....と見なす)
b-3. He looked down on the people around him. (軽蔑)
b-4. He always looked up to the people who played a musical instrument. (尊敬)
b-5. I'll look over the place first, then I'll tell you. (調査)
b-6. Will you look through my letter quickly ? (目を通す)
b-7. You should look up difficult words in a dictionary carefully.
a-1. The doctor set his broken arm.
a-2. The jeweler set a big diamond into the ring.
a-3. My hairdresser is very good at setting hair.
a-4. He set music to the words the singer wrote.
a-5. The sun sets early in winter.
a-6. They set the date for the wedding for June 3.
a-7. While you're cooking, I'll set the table.
a-8. First, we must set conditions for the agreement.
a-9. She set three world records.
a-10. He set the camera and waited.
a-11. I set the alarm clock for 5 a.m.
a-12. Should we set a limit on the time ?
a-13. I've set my heart on buying a Panasonic digital video camera this summer.
(a). ....を後にする leave :
a-1. He left his wife three years ago and is living with another woman.
a-2. He left his wife and children behind and went to America to study English.
a-3. I left my bag and umbrella on the train.
a-4. Mr. Harrington came and left a message for you.
a-5. Can I leave a message for him ?
a-6. We should leave some food for John. He's coming late.
(b). 「任せる」 の leave :
b-1. I'll leave the decision to you. (任せる : to)
b-2. I'll leave it to you to decide on the place.
b-3. Let's leave that job to a specialist.
b-4. She left the baby with her parents and went skiing. (預ける : with)
(c). [leave] : イディオム
c-1. You left out two words here. (抜かす)
c-2. I know our apartment is too small for us to invite all of them, but we can't leave Mari out.
c-3. I had the food left over from the party this morning. (残す)
c-4. That scene left me cold. (感じない)
c-5. Let's leave off here. (やりかけをストップする)